Copying machine



L. J. SAUER COPYING MACHINE Dec. 5, 1933.

Filed March 25, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 m, JM

L. J. SAUER COPYING MACHINE Dec. 5, 1933.

Filed March 25, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 m w u h L. J. SAUER COPYING MACHINE Dec. 5, 1933.

Filed March 25, 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Irwenforr Ill 2-2-1-2- 11.3

DEC. 5, 1933. J- SAUER COPYING MACHINE Filed March 25. 1929 S Sheets-Sheet 4 fizzenfor:

Dec. 5, 1933. 1.. VJ. SAUER COPYING MACHINE Filed March 25. 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 fiuenfor:

DOC. 5, J. SAUER COPYING MACHINE Filed March 25. 1929 '8 Sheets-Sheet. 6

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Dec. 5, 1933. 1.. J. SAUER COPYING MACHINE Filed March 25. 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet I IIIIIIIII DQC. 5, 1933. J. SAUER 1,937,789

GDPYING MACHINE Filed March 25. 1929 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Mifomgys.

Patented Dec. 5, 1933 oorYrNc MACHINE Louis J. Sauer, Uak Park, 111. assignor to Charles H. Joy, Sr., Chicago, Ill.

Application March 25, 1929. Serial No. 349,876 15 Claims. (Cl. for -13s) This invention relates to copying machines, and more particularly to that class of machines commonly irnown as hectographs or duplicating machines and having a flat printing bed over which is stretched a long and comparatively thin gelatinized band or apron, the ends of the band being secured to and wound upon rolls or spools adjacent the ends of the printing bed, so that by rotating the spools successive sections of the band may be exposed in operative position on the bed.

In this type of machine a platen carriage having a suitable platen roller is adapted to travel over the printing bed for impressing the original or the copysheets onthe gelatinized band which receives the imprint from the original sheet and transfers it to the copy sheet.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an improved means for moving the gelatinized band over the printing bed in either direction.

Another object is to provide a means whereby either of the band supporting spools may be individually and operatively connectedto a single catriage illustrating its adjustment with relation to the printing bed;

3 is a longitudinal section taken on line as of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4: is a fragmentary longitudinal section similar to Fig. 3- with the band supporting spools removed and a portion broken away to show the spool operating mechanism;

is. 5 is a vertical transverse section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

F 6 is a section taken on line 6--6 of Fig. 4; Fig. i' is a perspectiveview of the combined shaft supporting bracket and bearing;

8 is a perspective view of the clutch shaft;

to follow and from the appended Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 5 and illustrates the spool bearing;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of one of-the spools;-

Fig. 11 is a side View of the machine, parts being broken away to better illustrate the mechanism for controlling the operation of the platen roller and adjustable margin bar; 7

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of thegripping roll supports;

Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the carriage and Fig. l? is a perspective view of the platen roll bearing; v

Fig. 18 is a section taken on line 18-18 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 19 is a section on line 19-49 of Fig. 11 illustrating the frame adjusting and locking means;

Fig. 20 is a section on line 20-20 of Fig. 11 and illustrates the marginbar control dial;

Fig. 21 is a sectional view of a portion of the margin bar showing the notches to facilitate the paper removal;

Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the adjustable carriage stop; 7

Fig. 23 is a perspective view of the guide rod adjusting bushing;

Fig 24 is a vertical section through the carriage guide rod support and carriage bumper;

Fig. 25 is a vertical section taken on line 25-25 of Fig. 11 through the carriage shock absorber;

Fig. 26 is a top view of the platen roller driving spool and cable and showingthe position of the cable when the carriage is travelling in the direction of the arrow; 1

Fig. 27 is a section taken on line 2727 of Fig. 26;

Fig. 28 is a top view showing the position of the cable on the spool when the carriage is travelling in the opposite direction from that shown in Fig. 26; and

Fig. 29 is a. view of the driving spool with the cable removed.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, my invention as illustrated comprises a pair of side frames 1 and 2 on which is supported the printing bed plate 3, shown in Fig. 3, and which is covered with the felt or other suitable material 4.

The bed plate 3 is supported on the lugs 5 and prevented from end movement by means of the cross members 6 and '7 which are secured to the side frames and act as space s therefor, the

front ends of the side frames being connected by .eans of the tie rod 8.

Adjustable tie rods 9 are provided for accurately lining up the side frames as illustrated in detail in Fig.19. The rods are threaded at each end, one end being screwed into the threaded lugs 10 on the side frame 2 and secured by means of the lock nut 11. A countersunk hole 12 extending through the frame 1 is adapted to receive the internally threaded fiathead screw 12a which is screwed onto the rod 9. It will be noted that by turning the screw 12s on the rod 9 a very fine adjustment of the frame may be had and it may then be looked in position by tightening the nut 13 against the lug 14. This rigid support and easy adjustment of the frame of the machine is very important to the accurate operation and alignment of the carriage and other moving parts to be described later.

The depending feet 15 on the side fraines sup port the integral frame structure described above.

The felt covering 4 affords a suitable surface for the gelatine band 16 which isof a length much greater than that of the printing bed and is wound upon the spools or spindles l7 and 1S winch are rotatably supported below and adjacent the ends of ed as shown in Fig. 3. By turning one of the spools successive sections of the gelatine band may be moved to exposed position and in either direction as desired.

The spools 1'7 and 18 are rotated in the desired direction by means of the hand wheel 19. When the handwheel is turned in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 3, the spool 17 is rotated in the same direction while the spool 18 is disconnected from the driving mechanism and is free to rotate to allow the gelatine band to be unwound there" from and to be wound upon the spool 17'. When the hand wheel is turned in the opposite direction the operation is reversed and the spool 18 is rotated to wind the band thereon and the spool 17 is free to rotate and allow the band to unwind.

The means for controlling'the operation of the spools is fully illustrated in Figs. 3 to 8, inclusive, and Fig. 18.

The contour of the cross section of the side frame 2 is such as to inclose the operating mecha-- nism within the confines of the side frame. The hand wheel 19 is provided with a suitable handle 20 and secured on' the longitudinally movab e clutch shaft .21, Figs. 5 and 8, on which are integrally formed the clutch teeth 22 and 23. The clutch shaft is mounted in a suitable bearing bracket 24 which is secured in place by means of the screw 25.

A ratchet whee 26 having an outwardly extending hub 2'7, and inwardly extending clutch teeth 28 is rotatably mounted in the cover plate 29 which encloses th chamber 3 the cover plate being secured in place by means of the .crews on one of which is pivoted the pawl 32 for engagement with the ratchet 26. The clutch shaft 21 extends into the hole 33 in the ratchet wheel 26 and is longitudinally movable therein sufficiently to allow the clutch to be engaged and disengaged.

A spiral gear Se is mounted on the shaf' 21 and provided with clutch teeth 35. adapted to be engaged by the clutch teeth 23 on the shaft 21.

' spacer ring 36 is loosely mounted around the clutch in order to hold the spiral gear 34 and the ratchet wheel in correct spaced relation.

When the hand wheel is turne: in one direcion, see Fig. 5, the clutch teeth 23 on the shaft 21 will engage the teeth 35 on the spiral gear 34 and rotate the gear in the same direction. When the wheel is turned in the opposite direction the shaft is auton1at.cally moved longitudinally, due to the incline of the clutch teeth, and the teeth 22 will engage teeth 28 on the ratchet Wheel 26 thus turning the spool 17 to wind'the gelatinized band thereon.

The spools i7 and 18 are reversible and interchangeable and are provided with the bearing spindles 37 and the flattened portions one of the spindles 33 being supported in the centering hole 39 in the ratchet wheel hub 27, the flattened portion 38' engaged by the walls of the slot 4.0. The opposite ends of the spools are supported in suitable bearings in the side frame 1 The bearing 41 of the bracket 24 extends through the side frame 2 and supports (3118 hearing 42 formed into ral therewith, in which is supported the transmission shaft 43 on which mounted the spiral gear 44 which is driven from the gear 3%.

transmission shaft 43 extends rearwardly within. the confines of the frame 2 and is arranged to drive the spool 18 through the spiral gear 45 6) which is mounted thereon, and the gear 46 which igidly secured to the shaft 47 on which l'ilOd the spool 18. The shaft is provided will tie centering hole and the slot 49 to receive the of the spool.

The ratchet 59 is rigidly mounted on the shaft 4? and is to be engaged by the pawl 51 which is pivoted on one of the screws 5. supportting the cover plate 53. The cover plate provides ported in bearing 54 forming a part bearing bracket The bracket 55 is similar to front bracket 24, having a bearing 56 formed integral therewi h to su "rt transmission shaft 43, and is held in pos. ion by the screw 57.

It will be noted that wh n the pawls 32 and 51 are in engager with the ratchet wheels 26 and 58, respectively, Fig. 1, the spools cannot be rotatteol to unwind the go tine band from either of the spools, and any poured portion of the band will be held snugly in position on the printing bed, the pa ls preventing any movement of the printing sce.

When it is desired to wind the band in either direction it is necessary to disengage the pawls. is accomplished by pulling forward the hand lever 58, Figs. 4 and 18, on the shaft 59, supported in a suitable be. 115: in the side frame An arm. 59 on the shaft engages in the notch 60 in the cam bar 61 and the bar can moved longitudinally by this'arrangement. When the earn is moved forwardly the cam surfaces 62 and 6S engage the pins 64 and 65, respectively, on the pawls 32 and 51 thus disengaging the pawls wind the gela spool the are again engaged and the b stretched as snugly as desired by turning the hand wheel slightly in either direction asdesired.

Both of the spools are provided with similar bearings in the side frame 1-, Fig. 9, Comprising the bearing notch 66 to receive the spindle 37 which is held therein by the latch 67 which is pivoted on the frame and held in raised position by means of the spring 68. That portion of the latch adjacent the slot is provided with the cam surface 67a. When itis desired to insert the spool the spindle 37 is inserted between the latch and the frame, as shown by the dotted lines, and pushed inwardly forcing the latch down and allowing the spindle to enter the notch.

The spool may be removed by pulling outwardly against the cam surface 67a which also forces the latch down. The spools may be inserted or removed without manual operation of the latch.

The carriage 69 is arranged to be moved ovei the printing bed and comprises a substantially rectangular frame having a bearing 70 slidably mounted on the guide rod 71 which is supported by the ears 72 on the frame 1. By this arrangement the carriage may be moved over the printing bed or raised to permit removal of the band. The opposite end of the carriage is supported on the side frame 2 by means of the roller 73, Fig. 2, which is a'djustably mounted on the frame and the height of which may be adjusted by means of the screw 74 and the lock screw 75.

The guide rod 71 is provided at each end with split eccentric bushings 76, Figs. 23 and 24, which may be locked by the screw 77. By turning these bushings and properly adjusting the roller 73, the platen. roller carried by the carriage may be made to travel with an even pressure over the entire printing bed. A rubber bumper 78 is mounted on the guide rod and secured by the ring 79.

The platen roller 80, Fig. 14, is mounted in the yoke 81 which is in turn pivoted on the rod 82,

.. the springs 83 tending to force the yoke to the raised position shown in Fig. 11. The yoke may be moved to operative position by means of the handle 84. In order to lock the yoke in operative position against the tension of the spring 83 an 5 automatic lock isprovided comprising the cam 85 on the rod 86 which is movably mounted in suitable bearings on the yoke 81 and which is provided with the handle 87. The cam is normally held in the position shown in Fig. 14, by the. I spring 88, Fig 15, in which position the yoke is held in operative position by the pin 89 on the carriage against which the outer edge of the cam rests. When the handle 87 is operated the rod 86 is turned until the camslips below the pin and the yoke and platen roller return to the position shown in Fig. 11.

When it is desired to lower the platen roller it is only necessary to push on the handle 84 until the cam returns to the locked position. When the carriage is moved to the extreme front position the arm 90 on the cam engages the pin 91 on the side frame and the yoke is automatically released. The yoke is limited in its downward movement by the adjustable stops 92 on the ri carriage, Fig. 3.

Each end of the platen roller is mounted in springb'earings comprising the bearing block 93 (Fig. 17) which is adapted to be inserted from the side into the opening 9 1 and is retained therein by the shoulders 95 and the plug 96 in the hole '97 which is pressed downwardly by the spring 98.

A spring pressure is thusobtained by the platen roller against the printing surface. The bearing block 93 may be-rernoved by removing the platen roller and pushing up the plug 96 by inserting a'wire through the hole 97. The roller is held in place when the yoke is raised by the spring controlled latch member 99, pivoted on the yoke, which extends under the shaft 100 of the roller and is limited in its movement by the lug 101 extending into the hole 102 in the yoke. The spring 103 controls the member 99 which may be released by the handle 104.

The usual gripping roll 105 (Fig. 12) is mounted inspring supports comprising the bearing members 106 having threaded extensions 107 slidably mounted in the carriage frame and adjusted to prevent forward movement, by the lock nuts 108. A spring 109 is supported in a hole in the bearing member and tends to exert a spring pressure between the carriage frame and the bearing block.

The platen roller in its downward movement presses the gripping roller rearwardly and carries the paper which is inserted between the rolls, down against the gelatinized band. The paper is guided during insertion by the plate 110 having the fixed stop 111 and the movable stop 112.

The paper is inserted between the rolls until it is stopped by the raised back of the adjustable margin bar 113, (Figs 3 and 11) the position of this bar determining the margin.

The margin bar is provided with forwardly extending arms 114 and 115 which are pivoted to the levers 116 and 117 respectively and are supported thereon by the pins 118. The margin bar may be turned forward to rest upon the tie rod 8 (see dotted lines in Fig. 3), when it is desired to remove or insert the gelatine band. The levers 116 and 117 are pivoted at 119 and 120 respectively and in alignment on the frames 1 and 2 so that when the levers are raised the margin bar will be moved from the position shown in full lines in Fig. 11, to the position shown in dotted 115 lines, and the position at which it is stopped in its upward movement will determine the width of the margin.

A lever 121 is pivoted at 122 on the side frame 1 and is connected to the lever 116 by the spring 120 123, the spring being normally not under tension and therefore the margin bar will remain in its lowest position when the carriage is travelling over the printing bed.

In order to automatically raise the margin bar the upwardly extending arm 124 of the lever 121 is arranged to be engaged by the carriage frame when it is moved to its extreme forward position thus putting the spring 123 under tension and tending to raise the bar. In order that the margin bar may remain in the position shown or be allowed to raise to any predetermined position the arm 125 on the lever 116 is arranged to engage one of the pins 126 which are arranged in cam-likeiormation on the disc 127. The disc 127 may be rotated to any desired position by the dial 128, the legends on the dial correspond ing to the margins desired. It is evident that a cam may be used instead or" the pins thus obtainingan infinite number of positions for the margin bar if desired. A ball 129 engages in notches in the dial to hold it in the desired position, the ball being held against the dial by the spring 139.

The margin bar is provided with notches 131, Fig. 21, to allow the paper to be easily removed from the gelatine when very little margin is allowed.

A adjustable stop is provided for the carriage comprising a spring steel strap 132 (Fig. 221158 around the guide rod 71 and having outwardly extending arms 133 and 134, the end of the arms 133 being downwardly to engage the arms 34 and keep the arms in spaced relation when the trap is clamped tightly on the rod by means of the clamping screw 135 which is threaded into the arm 13%.

ihe carriage may be raised from the printing bed and turns on the guide rod '71 as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 25. In order that it may not be damaged by dropping on'the frame, the dash-pot shockabsorber 1350: is provided on the carriage, comprising a piston 136 on which is mounted the roller 13? for engagement with the frame 1. The piston is slidably mounted in the chamber 138 and pressed downwardly by the spring 139. A needle valve 14.0 allows adjustment of the air outlet 141. A pin 142 in the slot 143 limits the movement of the piston. When the carriage is raised the piston is pushed outwardly and if it is dropped the confined air provides a suitable cushion.

It is important that the rotation of the platen roller should be positive with relation to the printing bedand this is accomplished by the means illiutrated ll d 26 to 29, inclusive, in which a single turn of the cable 1% engages the pulley 145011 platen roller shaft 180. The cable rotates the pulley and platen roller when the carriage is moved. The cable is attached to bracket 146 at the of the machine by means of the spring 147, and to the pulley lid at the front. The pulley 148 being arranged to travel on the bracke 1&9 to allow the I carriage to be raised and still keep the cable approximately in alignment.

In order that that portion of the cable in the direction from which the carriage is travelling should always be in alignment with the center of the pulley 145 a very shallow groove 150 is provided in the center of the pulley. It has been found that with this construction the cable will take the position shown in Figs. 26 and 27 when the carriage travels in the direction of the arrow A, and when he carriage travel is reversed to travel in the direction of the arrow B the cable will take the position shown in Fig. 28, and in each case the pull of the cable will be in the center of the pulley with no tendency to creep in either direction. This pulley construction makes it possible to use a very narrow pulley, even the being unnecessary except for convenience in assembly.

Having thus dscribed my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pat ent is: V

l. A duplicating machine comprising a bed over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage movable back and forth above said bed, for applying and removing a sheet of paper with respect to the gelatine roll comprising a roller mounted on said carriage and extending across and adjacent said bed, and means for causing rotation of said roller carriage is moved back and forth comprising a flexible member e3:-

tending alongside said bed and a pulley about which said flexible member said pulley having a central circu erential groove to receive a wrap of the or and having a circumferential surface on each side of said groove wide enough to accommodate the flexible member having circumferential flanges for confining the flexible member to said circumferential spaces, whereby when the carriage is moved in one direction the then taut portion of the flexible member will lie in the groove and the slack portion will lie on one of said circumferential spaces and whereby when the carriage is moved in the opposite direction thereby reversing the taut and slack portions of the flexible member the then taut portion will lie in the groove and the then slack portion will lie on the other of said circumferential spaces.

2. A duplicating machine comprising a bed over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage movable back and forth over said bed, a platen roller for applying the paper to the gelatine roll, a roller support shiftably mounted on said carfor moving said platen roller into and out of paper applying position, a stop for limiting the shifting movement of said support, and means for yieldingly mounting said roller on said support to permit it to ride over inequalities in the paper.

3. A duplicating machine comprising a framework, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage shiftable back and forth above said bed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, a margin bar movably mounted on said framework for adjustment with respect to said roller, means controlled by the movement of the carriage for moving said margin bar, and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said margin bar.

4. A duplicating machine comprising a framework, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a. carriage shiftable back and forth above said bed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, and a margin bar movably mounted on said framework for adjustment with respect to said roller, means for limiting the movement of said margin bar, and yielding means for holding said bar at the limit of its movement.

5. A duplicating machine compr sing a framework, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage shiftable back and forth above said bed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, and a margin bar movably mounted on said framework for adjustment with respect to said roller, means for limiting the movecf said margin bar, yielding for holding aid at the limit of its movement, and mea whereby said yielding means ar made effective by movement of said carriage.

6. A duplicating machine comprising a framework, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage shiftable back forth'above said bed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, and a margin bar pivotally mounted on said framework for two different swinging movements about two different axes, one for adjustment of the bar with respect to the roller, and the other for movement of the bar a from a'position adjacent the bed to a position to permit the gelatine roll to pass between said bed and margin bar.

7. A duplicating machine comprising a frame work, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage shiftable back and forth above saidbed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, and a margin bar movably mounted on said framework for adjustment with respect to said roller, the stop portion of said bar being movable from its paper edge engaging position to a position in which it is withdrawn from the paper edge and lies adjacent said bed, said bar having recesses therein between the stop portion and the adjacent portion of the bed to provide clearance for the fingers of the operator to reach the edge of the paper for removing it from the gelatine r011.

8. A duplicating machine comprising a bed over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage movable back and forth over said bed, a roller frame pivotally mounted on said carriage to swing about a horizontal transverse axis, a platen roller mounted on said frame, means for latching said frame in lowered position, means for automatically unlatching said latch at a predetermined stage of the carriage movement and additional manually operable means for releasing said latching means at any stage of movement of the carriage, said roller frame being provided with a handle for operating it and said manually operable releasing means comprising a manually operable member adjacent said handle.

9. A duplicating machine comprising a bed over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage movable back and forth over said bed, a roller frame pivotally mounted on said carriage to swing about a horizontaltransverse axis, a platen roller mounted on said frame, means for latching said frame in lowered position, means for automatically unlatching said latch'at a predetermined stage of the carriage movement and additional manually operable means for releasing said latching means at any stage of movement of the carriage, said roller frame being provided with a handle for operating it and said manually operable releasing means comprising a manually operable member operable by the hand holding said handle.

10. A duplicating machine comprising a bed over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage movable backand forth over said bed, a roller frame pivotally mounted on said carriage to swing about a horizontal transverse axis, a platen roller mounted on said frame, means for latching said frame in lowered position, and manually operable means for releasing said latching means any stage of movement of the carriage, said roller frame being provided with a handle for cperating it and said manually operable releasing means comprising a manually operable member operable by the hand holding said handle.

11. A duplicating machine comprising a framework, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage shiftable back and forth above said bed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, a margin bar swingably mounted on said framework for adjustment with respect to said roller, means controlled by the movement of the carriage for moving said margin bar, and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said margin bar.

12. A duplicating machine comprising a framework, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage shiftable back and forth above said bed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, a shiftably mounted margin bar support, and a margin bar shiftably mounted on said support to move from a position adjacent the bed to a position to permit the roll to pass between the bed and the margin bar, said margin bar support having provision whereby it is shifted by movement of the carriage.

13. A duplicating machine comprising a framework, a bed mounted on said frame over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage shiftable back and forth above said bed, a platen roller mounted on said carriage, a pivotally mounted margin bar support, and a margin bar pivotally mounted on said support to move from a position adjacent the bed to a position to permit the roll to pass between the bed and the margin bar, said margin bar support having provision whereby it is shifted by movement of the carriage.

14. In a duplicating machine, in combination with a printing surface, a carriage, means mounting the carriage for reciprocation over the printing surface, an impression member journaled in said carriage, means locking the member in depressed position, a trip lever adapted to be manually actuated for releasing said locking means when desired, and other means automatically releasing said locking means when the carriage is located in its forward position.

15. A duplicating machine comprising a bed over which the gelatine roll passes, a carriage movable back and forth over bed, a roller frame pivotally mounted on said carriage to swing about a horizontal transverse axis, a platen roller mounted on said frame, means for latching said frame in lowered position, manually operable means for releasing said latching means at any stage of movement of the carriage, said roller frame being provided with a handle for operating it and said manually operable releasing means comprising a manually operable member operable by the hand holding said handle, and a rock shaft actuated by said manually operated member extending from a position adjacent the handle to a position adjacent the side of the carriage.

, LOUIS J. SAUER. 

